Language development Essay Example

Language development Essay Example Language development Essay Language development Essay The language during the observation showed that he was able to communicate confidently with the adult, he looked relaxed and he wasnt shy to talk. G was able to listen to the adult and answer the questions which were asked although sometimes he didnt understand the questions, for instance when the adult asked about colours, Gs answer was given as sun, Lindon (1993) says children get confused if given complicated instructions even though the question is not difficult for an adult it might be for a child. This might have been the case with G as the answer was different to the question or it could have been that he did not no the colour so he compared it  something he had seen of that colour e.g. a sun. Beaver et al (2001) say that a child of 3 and 6 months is able to use complete sentences. G showed he could do this, however his sentences were simple and not complex. G tended to use one word answers a lot of the time and as G spoke his word order was incorrect for example when he said ~we t~nd some more suns whats there, as stated in Beaver et al (2001) Word order is sometimes incorrect. G also demonstrated that he uses silly talk such as Yep and Yer instead of yes. Bruce et al (2000) states that Children love to use silly talk, Although G can say yes as shown in my observation, he chose not to. When G was talking about the sun shape he said goes in sky he missed the word the out which, as Sunderland says children carry on conversation but missing link words like the out. Lindon (1993) says Children will make mistakes in their pronunciation of words and in how they put sentences together G made a few mistakes but each time the adult still understood what was being said but didnt correct his speech. G was able to describe an object like something else (a simile) for example when he said its like sun as Beaver et al (2001) tell us he is linking ideas to speech. (i was able to discuss his environment because he noticed the picture of dolphins and started talking about them; Hobart and Frankel (1995) state that a 3 year old can relate to present and past experiences. G did show this as he was able to tell the adult about the dolphins. Beaver et al (2001) say that when G told the adult that he saw stars outside, he was using language to report on experiences. Sunderland states Children love telling adults what to do, G showed this as he kept asking the adult to look for shapes.  Conclusion  [feel that I have met my aim which was to observe and look at the language skills of a child. I observed G for about 30 minutes whilst he was standing at a table with bootlaces and different shaped beads he was also talking to an adult. I placed a tape recorder near G and the adult so that I could accurately record exactly what was said. I also watched them and recorded Gs actions whilst he was talking. I dont think that I would have changed the way I observed him as I wouldnt have been able to accurately write down everything which was said and how it was said. The tape was a good method because I could listen and rewind and listen again as many times as I wanted. It helped writing down his actions as well so I knew exactly what was going on whilst I listened to the tape at a later date. If I was to observe language again I would still use the same method as I think it was the best and most accurate.  G was at his normal stages for his age as Beaver et al (2001) say ~a child of 3 and 6 months can use complete sentences G showed this whilst he was talking to the adult, for example when he said a special thing for music. Although El has reached his developmental norms in language, some children reach them at different times and might be a little behind or a little in front. Personal learning I learnt that children do use silly talk but they can speak properly when needed and that children can get confused and need a little help to understand things. I also learn that children love telling adults what to do. I learnt that there are different types of questions, open ended and closed questions. The open ended questions need more than a one word answer and children would benefit from being asked these as they help with a childs language and pronunciation development. Recommendation I would recommend that when an adult is talking to G the adult should try and use open ended questions as El would probably benefit from this, as he would be able to build on his language skills and talk to the adult more, the adult asked closed questions such as Do you like dolphins? or What colour is that? These questions only need a short answer but if G was given open ended questions like What are you doing? or Why do you like dolphins he would be encouraged to answer with more than one word, which would help him to extend his language skills and pronunciations of words. I would help him by getting some picture cards and holding them up then get him to say what is on the card (e.g. an aeroplane) I would also ask him questions about the picture on the card. It would help improve his language skills. Also if G had his word order wrong, the person who was with him should correct him so he would know how words are said properly.

The Chemistry Behind Sparkler Fireworks

The Chemistry Behind Sparkler Fireworks All fireworks are not created equal! For example, there is a difference between a firecracker and a sparkler. The goal of a firecracker is to create a controlled explosion. A sparkler, on the other hand, burns over a long period of time (up to a minute) and produces a brilliant shower of sparks. Sometimes sparklers are called snowballs in reference to the ball of sparks that surrounds the burning part of the sparkler. Sparkler Chemistry A sparkler consists of several substances: An oxidizerA fuelIron, steel, aluminum, or other metal powderA combustible binder In addition to these components, colorants, and compounds to moderate the chemical reaction also may be added. Often, firework fuel is charcoal and sulfur. Sparklers simply may use the binder as the fuel. The binder is usually sugar, starch, or shellac. Potassium nitrate or potassium chlorate may be used as oxidizers. Metals are used to create the sparks. Sparkler formulae may be quite simple. For example, a sparkler may consist only of potassium perchlorate, titanium or aluminum, and dextrin. Now that youve seen the composition of a sparkler, lets consider how these chemicals react with each other: Oxidizers Oxidizers produce oxygen to burn the mixture. Oxidizers are usually nitrates, chlorates, or perchlorates. Nitrates are made up of a metal ion and a nitrate ion. Nitrates give up 1/3 of their oxygen to yield nitrites and oxygen. The resulting equation for potassium nitrate looks like this: 2 KNO3(solid) → 2 KNO2(solid) O2(gas) Chlorates are made up of a metal ion and the chlorate ion. Chlorates give up all of their oxygen, causing a more spectacular reaction. However, this also means they are explosive. An example of potassium chlorate yielding its oxygen would look like this: 2 KClO3(solid) → 2 KCl(solid) 3 O2(gas) Perchlorates have more oxygen in them but are less likely to explode as a result of an impact than are chlorates. Potassium perchlorate yields its oxygen in this reaction: KClO4(solid) → KCl(solid) 2 O2(gas) Reducing Agents The reducing agents are the fuel used to burn the oxygen produced by the oxidizers. This combustion produces hot gas. Examples of reducing agents are sulfur and charcoal, which react with the oxygen to form sulfur dioxide (SO2) and carbon dioxide (CO2), respectively. Regulators Two reducing agents may be combined to accelerate or slow the reaction. Also, metals affect the speed of the reaction. Finer metal powders react more quickly than coarse powders or flakes. Other substances, such as cornmeal, also may be added to regulate the reaction. Binders Binders hold the mixture together. For a sparkler, common binders are dextrin (a sugar) dampened by water or a shellac compound dampened by alcohol. The binder can serve as a reducing agent and as a reaction moderator. How Does a Sparkler Work? Lets put it all together: A sparkler consists of a chemical mixture that is molded onto a rigid stick or wire. These chemicals often are mixed with water to form a slurry that can be coated on a wire (by dipping) or poured into a tube. Once the mixture dries, you have a sparkler. Aluminum, iron, steel, zinc or magnesium dust or flakes may be used to create the bright, shimmering sparks. The metal flakes heat up until they are incandescent and shine brightly or, at a high enough temperature, actually burn. A variety of chemicals can be added to create colors. The fuel and oxidizer are proportioned, along with the other chemicals, so that the sparkler burns slowly rather than exploding like a firecracker. Once one end of the sparkler is ignited, it burns progressively to the other end. In theory, the end of the stick or wire is suitable to support it while burning. Important Sparkler Reminders Obviously, sparks cascading off of a burning stick present a fire and burn hazard. Less obviously, sparklers contain one or more metals to create the sparks and any colors, so they can present a health hazard. For example, they should not be burned on cakes as candles or otherwise used in a manner which could lead to consumption of the ash. So use sparklers safely and have fun!

Are some cultures inherently incompatible to democracy Essay

Are some cultures inherently incompatible to democracy - Essay Example However, there was a substantial drawback after Mussolini took power in Italy, and this led to reversal of gains made towards democracy. The number of democratic states reduced significantly in the world to 12 (Huntington, 1993). This was revived after allies won the World War II. This led to a second wave of democratization with 36 countries being governed democratically (Huntington, 1993). Likewise, there was a reverse wave, and the number of democracies came back to 30 (Huntington, 1993). Currently, the third wave is in operation. There are crucial factors that have contributed to the occurrence and timing of third wave move to democracy. Firstly, it is caused by the deepening legitimacy problem of authoritarian regimes in a world where democratic principles are widely accepted. Many people depended on the success of such regimes, but they have been recently faced by the inability to achieve and present economic support. Secondly, the economic success of the 1960 prompted the deve lopment of urban middle class in the majority of the countries. Thirdly, there was a modification of catholic ideologies from the maintenance of the status quo and condemnation of authoritarianism (Huntington, 1993). Fourth, there was external pressure mainly from European Community, the United States, and the Soviet Union (Owen 2002). Lastly, protest has played a key role for subsequent efforts at democratization (Ranker, L. et al. 2007). T

Epistemology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Epistemology - Essay Example More often than not, when people think about acquisition of knowledge that they possess, their attention is drawn to school or college as the source of that knowledge. However, these are not the only existing ways of acquiring knowledge. For example, the process or onset of acquisition of knowledge is way before school when one is a baby or a toddler. When a baby cries, he gets the attention of the parents or caregivers who seek out what the problem is, and a toddler touching something hot immediately feels the pain. Deviant behaviors exhibited by children are met with punishment while good deeds and manners call for praise and reward. All these examples form parts of the knowledge equation despite the fact that the toddler or the child might not be aware of what is happening in his or her life. As the children grow up, there is more knowledge being acquired as they later learn how to dress themselves, tie their shoes, to talk and read. They also acquire knowledge about social aspect s of life like family life and relationships. In general, everything and all spheres of life including work life is knowledge (Cooper, 1999; Feldman, 2003). Individuals who are interested in acquiring knowledge about certain aspects or subjects can do so through schooling or through acquaintance. The concept of individual epistemology as they are developed and enacted in professional paid work can be elaborated by looking beyond the present ideas of epistemological beliefs (Hofer & Printrich, 1997), and positioning individual epistemologies as being dynamic, deliberate, and derived in individual-specific means through a unique set of socially-derived experiences that are a consequent of a person’s life history or ontogeny. Considering their dynamic and constitutive nature, it is imperative to centrally place these epistemologies in the dual processes of individual development and reshaping of socially derived norms. An illustration of these propositions can be made by drawing upon situations in which a worker, in this case, a GameStop manager, learns through paid work and how the work is remade, in conditions of greater and lesser close social guidance. In essence, personal epistemologies are considered as the primary basis for instigating, monitoring, and evaluating the process and outcome of these enactments. Therefore, it is important to elaborate individual epistemologies in order to understand how people engage in and learn through paid work and their reshaping and alteration of their work activities in certain circumstances and at certain instances. Studies of acquiring socially derived knowledge have often taken place in situations that provide strong direct social guidance and mostly through appraisal of dyads for example expert-novice. Therefore, current understanding about learning through work situations is largely premised on richly social affordances, including the availability of more informed social partners An Account of individual epist emology In my profession, in regard to outside support, trust is the most important factor when making a judgment of the support being offered as valued. Therefore, a lot significant consideration is put on my part on the basis of on which the support is provided. Furthermore, the judgments on the value of the different kinds

Lions for Lambs :: Terrorism

In the movie Lions for Lambs, the Senator sits behind his desk, his face one of excitement and determination. He is talking about the new war on terrorism. As he is speaking , a reporter takes notes. Then he speaks of the terrorists’ view on the last 1300 years of human progress and how they consider it as heresy and that it is punishable by death. We, as Americans, cannot comprehend this idea, as we are always look to the future and progress as a blessing for us and our children. Our faith promotes tolerance and love for our fellow man, so we wonder how a religion can turn people into such unforgiving terrorists. The Islamic faith, which grew from a military basis, is unable to separate the religious aspects from the ruling body, leaving its religious tenants and civil laws open to individual interpretation and an intolerance for other religious beliefs. Because the history of the Islamic faith was built on the unification of the tribes of Arabia they became a powerful force. â€Å" Islam from its inception, is a political as well as a religious movement, and the themes of religion, politics and law are inseparable in the Qur’an and in Islam as a whole.† (Richard Connery, William Dudley) The Muslim military is the rock and foundation on which the Islamic and Muslim faith is built on.

Demonstration of Critical Thinking Essay

The textbook in chapter one page 4 defines critical thinking as: a collection of skills we use every day that are necessary for our full intellectual and personal development it basically means to be able to have good judgment , make good decisions, and how to think rather than what to think. Another set of terms that are found in the textbook is Affirmative Action which is a political, and social controversy about race and equality when hiring potential employees or admitting students into a college university usually this involves minorities who may or may not have the necessary credentials or are unable to meet certain criteria for acceptance it is based merely on a person’s race, or even sexual gender or both. Sometimes affirmative action can seem unfair to Caucasians who may qualify can feel a sense of discrimination themselves it can create a hostile environment if not dealt with properly Nancy Cantor a woman who is the Chancellor at The University of Syracuse is in favo r of affirmative action and hopes that the process will improve in the future and create more harmony and understanding and that all people will be treated with respect and dignity. Ward Connerly an African-American male and college professor is not in favor of affirmative action because he thinks that it is unfair to white Americans to not to get the opportunities that they have worked hard for in their careers and in educational pursuits I find it difficult to choose one side or the other however for the sake of this assignment I reluctantly agree with Ward Connerly personal drive, responsibility, and character should be the motivation for admission and acceptance not skin color, sexual gender, or nationality. Both sides use excellent critical thinking skills on this subject however both of these individuals are minorities themselves and may have had some negative experiences in their past in career and education which may be the consideration for their points of view they are valid and can be used in the process of critical thinking. Affirmative Action in itself is an opportunity for critical thinking skills in that you have to have an open mind and not be a relativist thinker it involves taking positive steps to correct certain injustices against certain  groups as well as maintaining the standards set by employers and educational institutions. In June 2003, the U.S. Supreme Court found that the admissions policy of the University of Michigan Law School, which awarded points to applicants based on race, was flawed. However, in its final ruling the court permitted race to be considered as one among many factors when considering individual applications for both the law school and undergraduate admissions. The majority of Americans (53%) oppose college affirmative action programs that give the preference in admissions to blacks and other minorities, arguing that it constitutes reverse discrimination and, as such is unjust. Proponents of affirmative action note that it is a positive step in the right direction be needs work.

Persuasive Essay Gun Control - 798 Words

Persuasive Essay Did you know that in the United States almost 100,000 people are shot or killed with a gun in one year? 10,527 people die a year in handgun related incidents in the United States. This number, by far, outweighs the number of gun related deaths in countries such as Sweden, Great Britain, and Japan, which number 13, 22, and 87, respectively. What is the reason for such drastic differences in numbers? Sweden, Great Britain, and Japan are all countries that have stricter gun control laws than the US. Mind you, these are just the number of deaths caused by handgun related incidents; however, that isn’t counting the thousands of deaths caused by other types of firearms; in one year, around 30,000 Americans die in gun violence.†¦show more content†¦This is a terrible tragedy, but it brings us face to face with the reality that even in the most innocent of situations, if a gun is involved, there is the possibility of death. Originally, guns were not intended to protect; they were intended to kill. Made for wars, they were weapons of war, in which they were used to fight enemies, and they are still used for this today. However, today we are fighting a different war. This war is against people. Kids are killing kids, adults are killing adults, and adults are killing kids, men are killing women, and women are killing men. People use guns to kill someone for whatever reason, and then the other people sometimes retaliate, which makes it a never-ending cycle. The intent of a gun, whether to protect, as many people say, or not, is to kill someone else. Though I think guns are awful and should be restricted in my community and every other community around the country, it would be violating a persons rights under the Second Amendment, which states the peoples right to a well regulated militia necessary to the security of a Free State and the right to keep and bear arms. According to this amendment, almost anyone can own a gun. Being aware of this right, I know that it would be illegal to restrict the right to bear arms in any community. This is a scary but true reality; however, the question is about safety, not about the law. One can clearlyShow MoreRelatedPersuasive Essay On Gun Control1753 Words   |  8 PagesPersuasive Essay Rough Draft The United States of America has a problem that is growing worse every day. American laws are not protecting its citizens from injury or death. You may think the mass shootings in America the guns used were bought illegally, but â€Å"since 1982, there have been at least 62 mass shooter carried out with firearms across the country, with the killings unfolding in 30 states from Massachusetts to Hawaii. Of the 139 guns possessed by the killers, more than three quarters wereRead More Persuasive Articles on Gun Control Essays607 Words   |  3 PagesPersuasive Articles on Gun Control Persuading an audience can be done in several different fashions, one of which is Hugh Rank’s Model of Persuasion. Rank’s model states that two major strategies are used to achieve the particular goal of persuasion. These strategies are nicely set into two main schemas; the first method is to exaggerate an aspect of something, known as â€Å"intensify.† While the second is to discredit it, which is referred to as â€Å"downplay.† Al Franken, Jeffrey SnyderRead MorePersuasive Essay On Gun Control1018 Words   |  5 PagesImagine, an America where no citizen, law abiding or not, has the legal ability to own guns. Three gunmen with fully automatic rifles walk into a crowded city and begin firing. No law abiding citizen can defend themselves. It’s hopeless. This future can only be prevented if Americans continue to keep the second amendment. We should keep the current gun control laws, but revise them to make them even better. Most gun own ers are responsible under the current laws, however, I think some laws need to beRead MorePersuasive Essay On Gun Control1245 Words   |  5 Pagesand time again. Due to recent tragedies involving firearms, the view of guns and peoples rights to own and operate firearms have been frowned upon and viewed in a bad light due to Media. News sources have cherrypicked pictures of tragedies and stories about bad instances of gun usage in order to fight for Gun Control and the suppression of Americans rights. Due to the recent Vegas shooting, the argument for Gun Control has never been more intense, and Media outlets are having a field day onRead MorePersuasive Essay On Gun Control915 Words   |  4 PagesHistorically guns haven’t been a national issue. It is not until relatively recently that an overwhelming amount of people have been in favor of placing stricter laws on the owning of a fire arm. The call for gun control has become more prevalent in the eyes of the government and the people; the gun laws that are also often proposed are irrational and ineffective. One could not simply ban guns, it is comparable to banning a certain genre of music; it’s unachievable and would be a fruitless pursuitRead MorePersuasive Essay On Gun Control1745 Words   |  7 Pagescruelty to animals, and yet he was able to buy four guns legally (Rosenberg). That is the most recent example of why Americans need more gun control laws. Guns are not cool or makes you look good, they are a da ngerous piece of machinery that Americans take advantage of. The average American in the right mindset should not want to own anything more than one handgun or rifle for hunting or protecting their household. Gun control reform that limits gun ownership, enforces mandatory background checks, andRead MorePersuasive Essay On Gun Control1439 Words   |  6 Pagesreason why Americans own so many guns is because of the Second Amendment, which states, â€Å"A well-regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a Free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed.† (Rauch) This amendment guarantees U.S. citizens the right to have firearms. Since this amendment is relatively vague, it is up for interpretation, and is often used by gun advocates to argue for lenient gun laws. Hence, gun control is a frequently discussed controversialRead MorePersuasive Essay On Gun Control967 Words   |  4 Pagessaid gun violence has gotten out of hand. This do esn’t mean that the second amendment is the cause of it. Gun Violence has become such a big part of the Second Amendment since they both play a major part of the gun industry. Guns have become such a powerful source to many individuals. With the second amendment placed, this means we have gun control, which are rules that regulate, the manufacture, possession, modification, or use of firearms by civilians. There should be a stricter law on gun controlRead MorePersuasive Essay On Gun Control1634 Words   |  7 PagesOver the recents years, there have been many arguments about the issue of gun control at the state and national level. In California, there have been a variety of enacted laws within recent years to address the issue of growing gun violence around the country and ways to prevent terrorist attacks. California s new enacted laws about gun control in the state range from abolishing certain features on weapons to restricting certain handguns or other firearms a person might buy. The legislative branchRead MorePersuasive Essay On Gu n Control1569 Words   |  7 Pagesstocks, which allowed the guns to fire hundreds of rounds per minute (Goldman). From this unspeakable atrocity, an abundant perspicuity is created, portraying that gun control laws are unable to prevent many violent actions, including mass shootings and other horrific events. Even a drastic increase in gun laws cannot prevent men that have irreproachable records from acting recklessly, or predict when an event such as this will happen. The thousands of homicides generated by guns per year are an especially